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Limit switch

Author: Helen

May. 13, 2024

Understanding Limit Switches

Electric switch type

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In the realm of electrical engineering, a limit switch is a crucial component, activated by the movement of a machine part or the presence of an object. It plays a pivotal role in controlling machinery as part of a control system, serving as a safety interlock, or acting as a counter that tracks objects passing a certain point.

Due to their robustness, ease of installation, and reliable operation, limit switches are widely used in various applications and environments. They can detect the presence, passage, positioning, and end of travel of an object. The term "limit switch" originates from their initial use, where they defined the limit of travel of an object.

A limit switch with a roller-lever operator; this is installed on a gate on a canal lock, and indicates the position of a gate to a control system.

Standardized limit switches are industrial control components available with a range of operator types, including lever, roller plunger, and whisker types. They may be directly mechanically operated by the motion of an operating lever. A reed switch can indicate the proximity of a magnet mounted on a moving part. Proximity switches operate by interfering with an electromagnetic field, through capacitance, or by sensing a magnetic field.

Although it is uncommon, a final operating device such as a lamp or solenoid valve may be directly controlled by the contacts of an industrial limit switch. More typically, the limit switch is integrated into a control relay, a motor contactor control circuit, or serves as an input for a programmable logic controller.

Applications

Miniature snap-action switches are integral to devices such as photocopiers, computer printers, convertible tops, and microwave ovens. They ensure internal components are correctly positioned for operation and prevent function when access doors are opened. Adjustable limit switches in garage door openers shut off the motor when the door reaches its fully raised or lowered position. Numerical control machines, like lathes, use limit switches to identify the maximum limits for machine parts or provide a known reference point for incremental motions.

A limit switch mounted on a moving part of a bridge.

References

  1. Industrial Motor Control Cengage Learning, 2009 chapter 11 "Limit Switches" 1435442393

    Stephen Herman, Cengage Learning, 2009 chapter 11 "Limit Switches" ISBN

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What Are Limit Switches and How Do They Work?

Your home's air conditioning system relies on many components to maintain a consistent temperature. A key player in this process is the limit switch, which ensures the system functions efficiently.

What Is a Limit Switch?

Limit switches are ubiquitous in various appliances. They stop an electric appliance under certain conditions. For example, the switch that controls the refrigerator light or the one that stops your washer or dryer when the door is opened. These switches not only save electricity but also protect you and the appliance from potential damage.

Limit Switches in Air Conditioning

In an air conditioning system, the limit switch connects the blower on the air handler with the thermostat. When the thermostat reaches the desired temperature, it halts the production of cold air. The limit switch ensures the blower stops at the same time, preventing warm air from being circulated. This synchronization is critical for the efficient operation of your air conditioning system.

If the blower doesn't stop when it should, warm air will circulate. Conversely, if the blower stops too soon, the cold air won't be adequately distributed. This delicate balance is managed by the limit switch.

If your air conditioner shuts off too early or runs for too long, it could be due to a malfunctioning limit switch. Sometimes, resetting the system, as outlined in the owner's manual, can solve the problem. However, if the switch is broken, professional assistance is recommended.

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