In the industry of logistics and transportation, the importance of ensuring the safe, efficient, and cost-effective transfer of liquids is paramount. This is where the ISO tank container, a pivotal asset in the transportation of liquids, plays a crucial role. ISO tank containers offer a versatile solution for shipping various types of liquids, including chemicals, food-grade products, and gasses like LNG. This article explores the various aspects of ISO tank containers, from their basic definitions and uses to specific types, benefits, and considerations for choosing the right container.

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What is an ISO Tank Container?

An ISO tank container, often simply called an ISO tank, is a stainless steel container held within a 20-foot ISO frame that meets the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. These robust containers ensure consistent dimensions and fittings meaning the container is safe, reliable, and suitable for multiple transportation modes including ship, rail, and road. ISO tanks are specifically designed to securely store and transport liquids and gasses, minimizing the risk of leaks and spills during transit.

Uses of ISO Tank Containers

ISO tank containers are highly valued for their versatility and efficiency. They are commonly used to transport:

• Liquids: From non-hazardous products like water, juices, and oils to hazardous chemicals and fuels, ISO tanks can handle a wide range of liquids.
• Gasses: Liquefied natural gas (LNG), industrial gasses like oxygen and nitrogen, and even compressed natural gas (CNG) can be safely transported in specially designed ISO tank containers.
• Powders and Granules: Food-grade powders like flour and sugar, as well as plastic pellets and other dry bulk materials, can be efficiently transported using ISO tanks with special loading and unloading features.

Their ability to maintain specific temperatures and control conditions makes them ideal for sensitive products, ensuring that they reach their destination in optimal conditions.

What Liquids Can Be Carried by an ISO Tank?

The specific types of liquids suitable for ISO tank containers depend on the tank&#;s internal lining and pressure rating. Here&#;s a breakdown:

• Food-grade liquids: Stainless steel tanks with a food-grade lining are ideal for transporting edible liquids like beverages, oils, and syrups.
• Chemicals: Depending on the specific chemical, tanks with different linings (e.g., epoxy) and pressure ratings are used for safe and compliant transportation.
• Hazardous materials: ISO tanks designed and certified for hazardous materials adhere to strict regulations and incorporate additional safety features.
• LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas): The use of ISO tanks for LNG is particularly noteworthy as they are equipped with super insulation to handle the cryogenic nature of liquefied gasses. This makes ISO tanks an excellent choice for transporting LNG because of their safety features and ability to maintain the very low temperatures required to keep the gas in liquid form.

Benefits of ISO Tank Containers

ISO tank containers offer several advantages over other forms of bulk transport:

• Safety and Security: These containers are constructed with robust materials like stainless steel, providing a secure environment for transporting hazardous chemicals. They are leak-proof and equipped with safety valves, reducing the risk of spills and leaks during transit
• International Approval and Quality Assurance: ISO tank containers are internationally approved and come with quality assurance, ensuring their reliability and safety during transportation.
• Cost-effectiveness: Their ability to be reused, their durability, and their economies of scale reduce handling costs and make them a cost-effective option for long-term and repeat use.
• Environmental Impact: ISO tank containers are designed to combat product spillage and leakage, especially during long journeys, reducing fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions by up to 70%. They contribute to environmental sustainability by minimizing the risk of spills and leaks.
• Efficiency: Their standardized dimensions allow for easy handling and transfer between different modes of transport, reducing downtime and making them a convenient option for transporting liquids.
• Versatility and Compatibility: ISO tank containers are versatile and capable of transporting a wide range of chemicals, reducing the need for multiple types of transportation equipment. They are compatible with various types of chemicals, endure extreme conditions, and are available in different sizes to meet diverse transport requirements.

Types of ISO Tank Containers

There are several types of ISO tank containers tailored to meet specific needs, industry standards, and regulations, ensuring the safe and secure transport of liquids. Here are the ISO tank container types available:

• Reefer Tanks: Equipped with powerful refrigeration units, these tanks are essential for transporting perishable liquids like juices, dairy products, and pharmaceuticals. They can maintain consistent low temperatures to ensure cargo freshness and safety.
• Gas Tanks: Designed with robust construction and specific safety features, these tanks are suitable for the safe carriage of various gasses, including liquefied natural gas (LNG), industrial gasses like oxygen and nitrogen, and even compressed natural gas (CNG).
• Silo Tanks: Intended for powders or grain transport, these tanks often resemble silos and incorporate features like pressure relief valves and filling hatches on top for efficient loading and unloading. They may also have internal compartments or dividers to accommodate different types of dry bulk cargo.
• Food-Grade Tanks: These tanks are specifically designed to meet stringent hygiene standards for transporting edible liquids like beverages, oils, syrups, and even some dry bulk food items like flour or sugar. They typically feature a smooth, corrosion-resistant stainless steel interior and may have a special non-porous lining to prevent contamination and ensure product quality.

Moreover, ISO tanks are further categorized based on their purposes such as:

• T1 ISO tank: Designed for light liquid transport.
• T4 ISO tank: Suitable for non-hazardous edible and non-edible oils.
• T11 ISO tank: Certified for non-hazardous chemical transport.
• T14 ISO tank: Specifically for hazardous chemicals.
• T50 ISO tank: Used for liquefied petroleum gas and ammonia gas transport.
• T75 ISO tank: Tailored for liquefied gas transportation.
• Rubber-lined ISO tank: Constructed for acid-based chemical transport.

Sizes and Capacity of ISO Tank Containers

ISO tank containers typically come in the size of a standard 20-foot shipping container but can vary in capacity (typically 20ft or 40ft long, 8ft wide, and 8ft or 9ft high). Most tanks have capacities ranging from 14,000 to 26,000 liters, providing ample space for large-scale liquid transport. The specific size and capacity will depend on the liquid type, the required transport conditions, and regulatory requirements.

ISO Tanks vs Flexitanks

When comparing ISO tanks to flexitanks, several differences become apparent although both are used for transporting liquids. Flexitanks are a cost-effective, one-time-use option suitable for non-hazardous liquids. They are essentially large bags installed in conventional shipping containers. However, ISO tanks are more expensive than flexitanks but offer greater durability and versatility.

While flexitanks can be a good option for certain shipments, ISO tanks which are made from stainless steel, are preferable for long-distance transportation containing hazardous materials, high-volume shipments, repeated use, and where maintaining specific conditions is crucial.

How to Choose the Right ISO Tank Container

The versatility of ISO tank containers makes them a popular choice for transporting a wide range of bulk cargo. However, with various types and configurations available, choosing the right ISO tank can seem overwhelming. Here&#;s a comprehensive guide to help you select the ideal container for your specific needs:

1. Identify Your Cargo

• Type of product: The first step is to determine the exact product you&#;ll be transporting. This includes considering its physical state (liquid, gas, powder), any hazardous properties, and temperature sensitivity.
• Volume and weight: Knowing the total volume and weight of your cargo is crucial. This will help you choose an ISO tank with the appropriate capacity and weight limitations.

2. Consider Compatibility

• Tank lining: Depending on your cargo, a specific tank lining might be necessary. For example, food-grade liquids require a non-porous lining to prevent contamination, while some chemicals might necessitate an epoxy lining for optimal compatibility.
• Pressure rating: Certain liquids, especially hazardous materials or gasses, require tanks designed to withstand specific internal pressure levels.

3. Evaluate Your Journey

• Transportation mode: Will your ISO tank be transported primarily by truck, train, or ship? Intermodal compatibility is essential if your journey involves multiple modes of transport.
• Temperature control: For temperature-sensitive products, choose a refrigerated or heated ISO tank to maintain optimal conditions throughout the journey.

4. Think about Additional Features

• Loading and unloading: Depending on your cargo and facilities, specific features like top discharge hatches or bottom outlets might be necessary for efficient loading and unloading.
• Cleaning requirements: Consider the ease of cleaning the ISO tank interior, especially if you plan to transport different products. Some tanks may have specialized cleaning features.

5. New vs. Used ISO Tanks

• Budget: New ISO tanks offer the latest safety features and optimal performance, but come with a higher initial cost. Used tanks can be a more budget-friendly option, but thorough inspection and certification are crucial.

Additional Tips:

• Consult with a reputable ISO tank supplier: Experienced suppliers can provide valuable guidance based on your specific cargo and transportation needs.
• Consider leasing options: Leasing ISO tanks can be a good choice for companies with occasional bulk transport needs or those who prefer to avoid a large upfront investment.
• Focus on safety: Always ensure the ISO tank you choose meets all relevant safety regulations and is certified for transporting your specific cargo.

By following these steps and considering these additional factors, you&#;ll be well-equipped to select the right ISO tank container for your bulk transportation needs. Remember, the ideal container ensures the safe, efficient, and cost-effective movement of your valuable cargo.

Conclusion

ISO tank containers are indispensable in the global transport of liquids, providing a secure, efficient, and eco-friendly solution. Whether transporting food-grade products, chemicals, or gasses like LNG, these containers offer a range of benefits that make them a preferred choice for businesses worldwide. By understanding the different types and specifications of ISO tanks, businesses can make informed decisions to optimize their logistics operations and ensure the safe delivery of valuable liquid cargo.

ISO tank containers comply with the International Standard Organization (ISO) standards. They are suitable to transport both hazardous and non-hazardous bulk liquids.

ISO containers are made with stainless steel and housed inside a protective layer. The type of protective frame used depends on the tank&#;s contents. The ISO tank container features a manhole at the top for easy access and one valve each at the top and bottom.

In situations where there is unexpected liquid leakage due to an accident, containment berms or secondary storage tanks are helpful. Ironclad Environmental Solution&#;s tanks provide a safe temporary storage solution while you get your ISO tank repaired.

What is ISO Certification?

ISO certification is a globally recognized standard applicable to all business operations to ensure continued high standards. This means standardization of size, strength, and durability with regular inspections for compliance for the ISO containers. ISO containers should also include a Container Safety Certificate (CSC).

Types of Liquids That Can Be Stored in ISO Tank Containers:

• Molasses

• Milk and other dairy products

• Alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages

• Liquefied sugars

• Hydrogen peroxide

• Sulfuric acid / Nitric acid

• Chemicals / Solvents

• Liquid food products

• Heating oil / Vegetable oils

• Gasoline / Diesel / Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

• Liquid resins

ISO Tank Container Specifications (Sizes and Dimensions)

According to the ISO standards, a steel frame surrounds the tank container. The standard 20-ft frame encloses a tank that holds 21,000 liters (5,547 gallons) of liquid. The frame dimensions are:

• Length &#; 20 ft.

• Width &#; 8 ft.

• Height &#; 8.6 ft.

Other sizes available in ISO tanks are:

• 15,000 liters (3,963 gal)

• 17,500 liters (4,623 gal)

• 23,000 liters (6,076 gal)

• 24,000 liters (6,340 gal)

• 25,000 liters (6,605 gal)

General Specifications

• Maximum gross weight: 36,000 kg (79,366 lbs.)

• Working pressure: 4 bar (58 psi)

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• Test pressure: 6 bar (87 psi)

• Allowable vacuum: .41 bar (12 in Hg)

• Stacking weight: 9 high of 24,000 kg (ISO)

Tank Linings

ISO tanks use a protective lining for additional protection against corrosive liquids such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. The ship holds, rail cars, and over-the-road tank trailers use the same linings for protection.

Benefits of ISO Tanks

The 15,000-25,000 liter containers are a preferred choice for shipping a variety of goods because of the following factors:

• High efficiency and safety.

• Ease of transportation.

• Standard size.

• Enclosed in a mechanically stable frame with connections to lock them securely.

• ISO tanks are easy to stack, just like a shipping container.

• Reliable and cost-effective solution for transporting liquids in bulk. ISO tank containers have up to 30% lower shipping cost vs. over-the-road tankers.

• The tanks can be designed to match the safety criteria of specific liquids.

• ISO tanks are unlikely to leak and do not require additional packaging material.

• It is possible to maintain a specific temperature for sensitive cargo.

• The stainless steel body with added lining is highly resistant to corrosion. It can withstand temperature and pressure variations.

• ISO tanks are a sustainable transportation solution with up to

  50% less carbon footprint

  . They have a 15-20 year lifespan, which means you can use them more than other options.

Challenges Associated With an ISO Tank Container

Container Lifespan

If you pump solids into a container as high-pressure liquid, it may re-solidify in transit. You may have to do steam heating for the cargo to melt and drain out at the receiving end. You may also have to use air pressure to drain viscous material. This is not good for the overall life of the product. It can cause extraordinary stress on the shell, which can cause cracks and leaks.

Maintaining the Temperature

Temperature-controlled ISO tanks have inbuilt heating and cooling equipment that needs regular electrical supply from the ship or truck. This means that the electricity supply has to be reliable for the tank&#;s contents to remain safe.

Breaking/Chipping of the Protective Coating

Accidents and individuals working with heavy tools can cause minor scratches on the tank&#;s body. This can cause the protective coating to wear off gradually and expose the metal to the atmosphere or other corrosive materials. While workers can repair some protective coatings on the field, others may need complete sandblasting and recoating.

ISO Tank Container Maintenance

Accidents during loading, unloading, and transits, and changes in the temperature and pressure of the ISO tank can cause stress to the shell. There could be breaking or chipping of protective coating, which can expose the metal to corrosive liquids. ISO tanks require an inspection at least once in two years and a re-coat if needed.

ISO Tank Alternatives

Many of the challenges associated with an ISO Tank Container can be mitigated by other types of specialty equipment such as steel frac tanks, poly tanks, or stainless steel tanker trailers, depending on the application. Contact our team to learn more about our containment solutions and waste transportation services. We will be happy to help answer your questions and provide ideal solutions from our portfolio of products.

FAQs

What is the need for a standard ISO container?

The design of ISO tank containers allows convenient, safe, environment-friendly and cost-effective transportation of hazardous and non-hazardous bulk liquids. With up to 30% less transport cost and up to 50% lower carbon footprint, containers are preferred compared to over-the-road transport.

What are the dimensions of an ISO container?

A standard ISO container is a horizontal cylindrical pressure vessel encased inside a 20&#; x 8&#; x 8.6&#; steel framework.

How do you clean an ISO tank?

It is essential to completely remove any residual solid or liquid cargo and odor of contents and cleaning substance from the ISO tank containers.

• Tanks should be cleaned at a certified cleaning terminal only. Food grade tank containers are cleaned at a separate facility.

• Declare the previous cargo (hazardous or non-hazardous) to the facility superintendent.

• Remove all discharge valves, pressure release valves, and other components for cleaning and inspection.

• Normal steaming, low-caustic detergent-based cleaning, and pressure washing are the most preferred cleaning methods.

• Circulation of 15-20% nitric acid before pressure washing with fresh water really helps.

• A survey by an independent and qualified surveyor.

• Clean with hot water spinners or steam sterilization.

• Dry the container and seal the lids and valves.

• Issue the cleanliness certificate.

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