What is hexafluoropropylene used for?

Type of polymer

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A fluoropolymer is a fluorocarbon-based polymer with multiple carbon–fluorine bonds. It is characterized by a high resistance to solvents, acids, and bases. The best known fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene under the brand name "Teflon," trademarked by the DuPont Company.

History

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In 1938, polytetrafluoroethylene (DuPont brand name Teflon) was discovered by accident by a recently hired DuPont Ph.D., Roy J. Plunkett. While working with tetrafluoroethylene gas to develop refrigerants, he noticed that a previously pressurized cylinder had no pressure remaining. In dissecting the cylinder, he found a mass of white solid in a quantity similar to that of the tetrafluoroethylene gas. It was determined that this material was a new-to-the-world polymer. Tests showed the substance was resistant to corrosion from most acids, bases and solvents and had better high temperature stability than any other plastic. By early 1941, a crash program was making substantial quantities of PTFE for the Manhattan Project.[1][2][3][4]

Properties

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Fluoropolymers share the properties of fluorocarbons in that they are not as susceptible to the van der Waals force as hydrocarbons. This contributes to their non-stick and friction reducing properties. Also, they are stable due to the stability multiple carbon–fluorine bonds add to a chemical compound. Fluoropolymers may be mechanically characterized as thermosets or thermoplastics. Fluoropolymers can be homopolymers or Copolymer. [citation needed]

Examples of monomers used to prepare fluoropolymers

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Examples of fluoropolymers

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Typical properties

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Property Method No. Units PTFE FEP PFA ETFE ECTFE PCTFE PVDF Specific gravity D792 - 2.17 2.15 2.15 1.7 1.7 2.15 1.78 Yield strength D638 MPa 10 12 15.5 24 31 40 46 Yield strength D638 PSI 1,450 1,740 2,250 3,480 4,500 5,800 6,670 Elongation % 200-500 250-350 300 200-500 200-300 80-250 20-150 Tensile modulus D638 MPa 600 500 700 1500 1655 1500 2400 Tensile modulus D638 ksi 87 72.5 101.5 217.5 240 218 348 Hardness D2240 Shore D 60 57 62 75 75 90 79 HDT, @ 66 PSI D648 °F 250 158 164 219 240 248 300 HDT, @ 264 PSI D648 °F 122 129 118 160 169 - 239 Limiting oxygen index D2863 % >95 >95 >95 30-36 Dielectric constant D150 1 MHz 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.6

See also

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References

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Chemical compound

Hexafluoropropylene is the fluoroalkene with the formula CF3CF=CF2. It is the perfluorocarbon counterpart to the hydrocarbon propylene. It is mainly used to produce copolymers with tetrafluoroethylene. Hexafluoropropylene is used as a chemical intermediate.[1]

Preparation

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Hexafluoropropylene can be produced by pyrolysis of tetrafluoroethylene:[1][2]

3

 

CF2=CF2 → 2

 

CF3CF=CF2

It can also be prepared from chlorodifluoromethane, or produced from various chlorofluorocarbons.[3]

References

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